Pigmentation

Pigmentation refers to the uneven discoloration of the skin, often manifesting as dark spots, hyperpigmentation, or melasma. It occurs when the skin produces excess melanin, the pigment responsible for skin color. Common causes of pigmentation include sun exposure, hormonal changes, acne scars, or inflammation. Factors like genetics, aging, and certain medications can also contribute to uneven skin tone. While pigmentation is harmless, it can affect the skin’s appearance, but with the right skincare treatments and sun protection, these dark spots can be lightened and prevented.